神華煤直接液化工程廢氣處理工藝與特點

摘要: 摘要(yao)：介紹了神華煤(mei)(mei)直(zhi)接(jie)液(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)示(shi)(shi)范工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)中的(de)廢(fei)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)主要(yao)來源(yuan)和(he)成分(fen),處理廢(fei)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)的(de)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)流程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)和(he)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)技術特(te)點(dian),以及(ji)對排放的(de)廢(fei)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)進行驗收監(jian)測的(de)情況。  關(guan)鍵詞：煤(mei)(mei)直(zhi)接(jie)液(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua),廢(fei)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi),工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi) 0 引言(yan) 神華煤(mei)(mei)直(zhi)接(jie)液(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)項(xiang)目示(shi)(shi)范工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)以神華神東煤(mei)(mei)炭集團公司(si)上灣煤(mei)(mei)為原料，將煤(mei)(mei)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)成滿足國家質量(liang)標準的(de)車用(yong)(yong)柴油(you)(you)及(ji)液(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)石油(you)(you)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、石腦油(you)(you)等。該項(xiang)目是(shi)世界上第一套(tao)煤(mei)(mei)直(zhi)接(jie)液(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業化(hua)(hua)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)，先期建設(she)(she)一條生產(chan)線。每年可轉(zhuan)化(hua)(hua)約(yue) 3． 5 Mt 煤(mei)(mei)，生產(chan)柴油(you)(you)、液(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)石油(you)(you)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)、石腦油(you)(you)等產(chan)品1． 08 Mt。先期工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)包(bao)括15 套(tao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)以及(ji)配套(tao)的(de)儲運和(he)公用(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)系統。項(xiang)目于2004 年8 月開始(shi)建設(she)(she)，并(bing)于2008 年12 月30日打(da)通了全(quan)部生產(chan)流程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)，生產(chan)出(chu)合(he)格的(de)石腦油(you)(you)和(he)柴油(you)(you)等產(chan)品。神華煤(mei)(mei)直(zhi)接(jie)液(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)項(xiang)目采用(yong)(yong)了多(duo)個(ge)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)技術，其中煤(mei)(mei)液(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)技術是(shi)核心(xin)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)技術。本文就工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)廢(fei)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)處理工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)流程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)及(ji)特(te)點(dian)作簡要(yao)介紹。 1 廢(fei)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)處理工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)流程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)及(ji)特(te)點(dian) 本工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)主要(yao)廢(fei)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)是(shi)各生產(chan)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)尾氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)，其中所含(han)的(de)主要(yao)污染(ran)物(wu)有: 二氧化(hua)(hua)硫(liu)、煙塵(chen)(chen)、氨和(he)工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業粉塵(chen)(chen)等。為確(que)保(bao)廢(fei)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)達標排放并(bing)減少廢(fei)氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)污染(ran)物(wu)排放總量(liang)，神華煤(mei)(mei)直(zhi)接(jie)液(ye)(ye)化(hua)(hua)示(shi)(shi)范工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)采取了酸性氣(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)(qi)硫(liu)磺回收、鍋爐煙

摘要(yao)(yao)：介紹了神華煤直接(jie)液化示范工(gong)程中的廢氣(qi)的主(zhu)要(yao)(yao)來源和(he)成(cheng)分,處理廢氣(qi)的工(gong)藝流程和(he)工(gong)藝技術特點,以及(ji)對排放的廢氣(qi)進行驗收監測(ce)的情況。 

關鍵詞：煤直(zhi)接液(ye)化,廢(fei)氣(qi),工藝(yi)

0 引言

神(shen)華(hua)煤(mei)(mei)直(zhi)接液(ye)化(hua)(hua)(hua)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目示范(fan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)以神(shen)華(hua)神(shen)東煤(mei)(mei)炭集團公司(si)上灣煤(mei)(mei)為原料，將煤(mei)(mei)加工(gong)(gong)(gong)成滿足國家(jia)質量(liang)標(biao)準的(de)車用柴(chai)油及(ji)液(ye)化(hua)(hua)(hua)石(shi)(shi)油氣(qi)、石(shi)(shi)腦油等(deng)。該(gai)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目是(shi)世界上第一(yi)套(tao)煤(mei)(mei)直(zhi)接液(ye)化(hua)(hua)(hua)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業化(hua)(hua)(hua)裝置(zhi)，先期建設(she)一(yi)條生(sheng)產線。每(mei)年(nian)可(ke)轉化(hua)(hua)(hua)約 3． 5 Mt 煤(mei)(mei)，生(sheng)產柴(chai)油、液(ye)化(hua)(hua)(hua)石(shi)(shi)油氣(qi)、石(shi)(shi)腦油等(deng)產品1． 08 Mt。先期工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)包(bao)括15 套(tao)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)裝置(zhi)以及(ji)配套(tao)的(de)儲(chu)運和公用工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)系(xi)統。項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目于(yu)2004 年(nian)8 月開始建設(she)，并(bing)于(yu)2008 年(nian)12 月30日打(da)通了(le)(le)全部生(sheng)產流程(cheng)，生(sheng)產出合格的(de)石(shi)(shi)腦油和柴(chai)油等(deng)產品。神(shen)華(hua)煤(mei)(mei)直(zhi)接液(ye)化(hua)(hua)(hua)項(xiang)(xiang)(xiang)目采用了(le)(le)多個工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)技(ji)術，其中煤(mei)(mei)液(ye)化(hua)(hua)(hua)技(ji)術是(shi)核心工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)技(ji)術。本文就工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)廢氣(qi)處理工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)流程(cheng)及(ji)特點作簡要介紹。

1 廢氣處理工藝流(liu)程及特點

本(ben)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)主要(yao)廢(fei)氣(qi)是各生產裝(zhuang)置工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝尾(wei)氣(qi)，其中所含的主要(yao)污(wu)染物(wu)(wu)有: 二(er)氧(yang)化硫(liu)、煙塵、氨和(he)工(gong)(gong)(gong)業粉塵等。為確保(bao)廢(fei)氣(qi)達標排放并減少廢(fei)氣(qi)污(wu)染物(wu)(wu)排放總量(liang)，神華煤直接液化示范(fan)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)采取(qu)了酸性氣(qi)硫(liu)磺回收、鍋爐煙氣(qi)脫硫(liu)和(he)各種尾(wei)氣(qi)( 煙氣(qi)) 的高效除塵火(huo)炬回收等措施。通過(guo)綜合治理，使工(gong)(gong)(gong)程(cheng)廢(fei)氣(qi)污(wu)染物(wu)(wu)排放量(liang)降(jiang)至最低(di)，符合國(guo)家相關標準和(he)控(kong)制(zhi)指(zhi)標。

1． 1 硫(liu)磺回收裝(zhuang)置(zhi)

放空尾氣硫磺回收是工程的專項環境保護治理措施之一，它是將煤制氫裝置、含硫污水汽提裝置和氣體脫硫裝置副產的含硫化氫的酸性氣體進行處理，同時回收產生硫磺。為提高總硫回收率和降低尾氣二氧化硫的排放濃度，裝置增加了尾氣處理系統。尾氣處理選擇了操作費用最低、硫回收率最高的 SSR 加氫—還原吸收工藝( SSR 工藝技術為齊魯石化勝利煉油設計院自主開發的一種硫磺回收的專利技術，已通過中國石化的技術鑒定) 。硫磺回收裝置產生的放空尾氣排放量為 30 000 Nm3/ h，采用 SSR 工藝處理后，其中 SO2濃度約557 mg/Nm3，由80 m 高排氣筒達標排放

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