摘(zhai)要(yao)：介(jie)紹了組合式生(sheng)物(wu)膜(mo)SBR工(gong)藝(yi)在深圳市星河·丹(dan)堤生(sheng)活(huo)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)區回用水(shui)工(gong)程中的設計與運行情況，運行結果表明，該工(gong)藝(yi)處理效果好、運行穩(wen)定、占地省、對周邊環境影響小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)，適用于建筑面(mian)積>10 X 10 m 的小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)區污水(shui)再生(sheng)回用工(gong)程。

關鍵詞：小區中水回用(yong)；組合式生物膜SBR工藝；設計

深圳星(xing)(xing)河·丹(dan)堤(di)生活(huo)小(xiao)區(qu)(qu)位(wei)于深圳市福田區(qu)(qu)與 寶安(an)區(qu)(qu)交界(jie)的(de)梅林二(er)線關(guan)口內，西面為(wei)(wei)已建(jian)成使(shi)用(yong) 的(de)豐澤(ze)湖一期項目(mu)，2005年5月(yue)經有(you)關(guan)部(bu)門批準， 豐澤(ze)湖山(shan)莊(zhuang)有(you)限公司(si)投資新建(jian)了星(xing)(xing)河·丹(dan)堤(di)中(zhong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)回 用(yong)項目(mu)，該(gai)(gai)項目(mu)設計(ji)處理水(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)(liang)為(wei)(wei)4800m3/d，其(qi)中(zhong) 2 000m3/d的(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)(liang)回用(yong)，多余(yu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)(liang)外(wai)排至小(xiao)區(qu)(qu)雨水(shui)(shui)(shui)總管，總投資額約為(wei)(wei)1000萬元。該(gai)(gai)項目(mu)于2005年 5月(yue)正式(shi)開工，2006年4月(yue)中(zhong)旬試運行，目(mu)前處理水(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)(liang)為(wei)(wei)800～1 500 m3/d(因星(xing)(xing)河·丹(dan)堤(di)生活(huo)小(xiao)區(qu)(qu)二(er)期別(bie)墅及(ji)高層區(qu)(qu)尚未(wei)(wei)竣工，處理水(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)(liang)尚未(wei)(wei)達到設計(ji)值)，出水(shui)(shui)(shui)全部(bu)回用(yong)于豐澤(ze)湖一期綠化，道路(lu)、車輛沖洗(xi)，景觀水(shui)(shui)(shui)補水(shui)(shui)(shui)、換水(shui)(shui)(shui)，同時為(wei)(wei)星(xing)(xing)河·丹(dan)堤(di)二(er)期項 目(mu)提供施工用(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)及(ji)公共廁所(suo)沖洗(xi)用(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)。

1處理水量及設計水質

星河·丹堤生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)小(xiao)區(qu)項目(mu)(mu)共有住房6000套(tao)， 按每套(tao)3-5人計算，小(xiao)區(qu)居住人口(kou)為21 000人，生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)標準按0.26m3 /(d·人)計，生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)污(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)取生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)的90%，則該(gai)項目(mu)(mu)排(pai)污(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)為4 914 m /d，取為4 800 m。/d。 本處理站進水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)為小(xiao)區(qu)生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)污(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，參考(kao)《環境工 程(cheng)手冊(ce)·水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)污(wu)染防治卷(juan)》中(zhong)的典型(xing)生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)污(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)， 結(jie)合前(qian)期污(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)監測數(shu)據(ju)，并考(kao)慮到工藝(yi)流程(cheng)中(zhong)設有調(diao)節池，可(ke)對水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)進行調(diao)節，從而確定了進水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui) 質(zhi)(zhi)(見(jian)表1)。出水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)用(yong)(yong)于綠化，道路、車輛沖洗，景觀 水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)補(bu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、換(huan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)及公共廁所沖洗，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)要求較高，執行 《城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)污(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)利用(yong)(yong)景觀環境用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)》(GB/T 18921--2002)和《城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)污(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)再(zai)生(sheng)(sheng)利用(yong)(yong)城(cheng)市(shi)(shi)雜用(yong)(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui) 質(zhi)(zhi)》標準(GB/T 18920--2002)，具體見(jian)表1。

小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)區共(gong)設四個污(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)提升(sheng)(sheng)泵(beng)站，在(zai)(zai)總進水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)管(guan)上設 置管(guan)道破碎機，將毛巾、塑料(liao)袋等易堵塞(sai)提升(sheng)(sheng)泵(beng)的雜(za) 物破碎后(hou)(hou)，污(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)經(jing)提升(sheng)(sheng)泵(beng)送(song)人生物膜厭氧池(chi)(厭氧 池(chi)中(zhong)安裝彈性立體(ti)填料(liao))，然后(hou)(hou)自(zi)流入(ru)污(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)處(chu)理中(zhong) 心，經(jing)轉鼓式超細格柵(柵距(ju)為1mm)去除(chu)較小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)懸 浮(fu)物后(hou)(hou)自(zi)流入(ru)調(diao)節池(chi)，調(diao)節池(chi)內的提升(sheng)(sheng)泵(beng)根據(ju)組合(he) 式生物膜SBR工藝的要求控制運(yun)行(xing)狀(zhuang)況。組合(he)式 生物膜SBR池(chi)分接觸氧化段(duan)和SBR段(duan)兩大部分，其 運(yun)行(xing)過程分進水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)曝(pu)氣、沉淀、潷水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)、閑(xian)置四個階段(duan)，出 水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)潷人V型(xing)濾(lv)池(chi)，并在(zai)(zai)濾(lv)池(chi)進水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)口處(chu)投(tou)加聚(ju)合(he)氯化 鋁(PAC)強化除(chu)磷效果，過濾(lv)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)經(jing)紫外線消毒后(hou)(hou)流入(ru)清水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)池(chi)，通過變頻回用裝置提升(sheng)(sheng)輸送(song)至(zhi)各中(zhong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)回 用點，多(duo)余水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量自(zi)清水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)池(chi)溢(yi)流管(guan)外排(pai)至(zhi)小(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)區雨水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)管(guan)。

V型濾池(chi)累計運(yun)行24～48 h后進(jin)行反(fan)(fan)沖(chong)洗(xi)，反(fan)(fan) 沖(chong)洗(xi)排水重力(li)流(liu)入(ru)(ru)豎流(liu)沉(chen)淀池(chi)，上清液排人(ren)調節池(chi)， 底泥(ni)(ni)用20 kg塑(su)料桶(tong)桶(tong)裝密(mi)封(feng)后外運(yun)至污水處(chu)理廠 處(chu)理。組合式(shi)SBR池(chi)的剩余污泥(ni)(ni)通過循環泵定期 排人(ren)生物膜(mo)厭氧池(chi)，利用厭氧工藝對(dui)污泥(ni)(ni)進(jin)行減量(liang) 消化，少量(liang)剩余污泥(ni)(ni)一部分隨(sui)轉鼓超細(xi)格柵(zha)(zha)的柵(zha)(zha)渣 排出系統，另(ling)一部分隨(sui)反(fan)(fan)沖(chong)洗(xi)水進(jin)入(ru)(ru)豎流(liu)沉(chen)淀池(chi)，最 后用塑(su)料桶(tong)密(mi)封(feng)后外運(yun)。

①轉鼓式超細(xi)格柵(zha)(zha) 采用(yong)全不(bu)銹鋼加長型(xing)GL3—600轉鼓式楔型(xing)篩 網細(xi)格柵(zha)(zha)，柵(zha)(zha)距為1 mill，轉簡直徑為600 mm，選用(yong) 兩(liang)臺(1用(yong)1備)，進水流量(liang)較大(da)時，兩(liang)用(yong)互備。單(dan)臺 格柵(zha)(zha)機處理水量(liang)為126m3/h，柵(zha)(zha)渣自動收集后集中外運。

②調(diao)節(jie)池 池內設潛(qian)水(shui)攪(jiao)拌器。調(diao)節(jie)池為(wei)(wei)地下鋼混(hun)結構， 單(dan)格(ge)尺(chi)寸為(wei)(wei)19 m×5 m×5 m，設兩格(ge)，有(you)效水(shui)深為(wei)(wei) 4.5 m，有(you)效容積(ji)為(wei)(wei)855m3，設計水(shui)力(li)停留(liu)時間為(wei)(wei) 4.3 h。調(diao)節(jie)池內設2臺(tai)潛(qian)污(wu)泵(beng)(beng)，庫房備用1臺(tai)，共3 臺(tai)潛(qian)水(shui)泵(beng)(beng)。潛(qian)污(wu)泵(beng)(beng)參數：Q=400m3/h，H=100 kPa。

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