膜法水處理技術在市政污水處理中的應用
來源:天津膜(mo)天膜(mo)科(ke)技有(you)限公司(si) 閱讀(du):3847 更(geng)新時間:2009-08-07 10:281、概述
“雙(shuang)膜(mo)法(fa)(fa)”工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝可以大(da)規模(mo)(mo)應用(yong)(yong)于城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)污(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)再(zai)(zai)生處理(li),不僅技(ji)術先進(jin),經濟上亦可以接受(shou),在(zai)我國(guo)缺水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)具(ju)(ju)有廣泛的(de)推廣應用(yong)(yong)前景(jing),對(dui)低(di)含鹽(yan)量(liang)的(de)城(cheng)(cheng)市(shi)污(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)再(zai)(zai)生利用(yong)(yong)更具(ju)(ju)成本(ben)(ben)優(you)勢。“雙(shuang)膜(mo)法(fa)(fa)”工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝生產的(de)再(zai)(zai)生水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)優(you)異,可作為工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)用(yong)(yong)脫鹽(yan)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui),滿足從高端(duan)用(yong)(yong)戶(hu)到低(di)端(duan)用(yong)(yong)戶(hu)的(de)廣泛需要,打破了(le)再(zai)(zai)生水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)小規模(mo)(mo)、低(di)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)應用(yong)(yong)局面,使(shi)再(zai)(zai)生水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)真正成為工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)業(ye)生產供水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)系統的(de)組成部分。“雙(shuang)膜(mo)法(fa)(fa)”工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝受(shou)進(jin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)的(de)影響(xiang)小,其嚴謹的(de)過(guo)程機理(li)和可靠的(de)在(zai)線監測及(ji)控制手(shou)段可提供安全(quan)、衛(wei)生、穩定的(de)供水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)保障,消除(chu)了(le)用(yong)(yong)戶(hu)對(dui)再(zai)(zai)生水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)誤(wu)解(jie)。“雙(shuang)膜(mo)法(fa)(fa)”工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝中投加的(de)化(hua)學藥(yao)劑少,與傳統再(zai)(zai)生水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)生產工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)藝相比,對(dui)環境(jing)的(de)影響(xiang)小,具(ju)(ju)有運行成本(ben)(ben)低(di)、產水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)質(zhi)(zhi)好等特點,同時“雙(shuang)膜(mo)法(fa)(fa)”采用(yong)(yong)模(mo)(mo)塊(kuai)化(hua)設計,占(zhan)地省、藥(yao)耗低(di),運行調度靈活,易(yi)于根據市(shi)場需求優(you)化(hua)配置和擴(kuo)展工(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)程規模(mo)(mo)。
天津泰(tai)達新(xin)水(shui)(shui)源科技開(kai)發有限公(gong)司CMF+RO系統是由天津泰(tai)達新(xin)水(shui)(shui)源科技開(kai)發有限公(gong)司投(tou)資(zi)建設,天津膜天膜科技有限公(gong)司承建的(de)示范工(gong)程,首期處理規(gui)模為(wei)5000噸(dun)/日(ri),于2003年10月正式(shi)投(tou)入運(yun)行。該項目創新(xin)性(xing)的(de)采用了“雙膜法”( CMF+RO工(gong)藝(yi))污水(shui)(shui)深度(du)處理回用工(gong)藝(yi),創造了多項全國第一。至今(jin),該項目已正常(chang)運(yun)行6年,并且在2006年擴建到10000噸(dun)/日(ri),2008年擴建到30000噸(dun)/日(ri),以滿足開(kai)發區各生(sheng)產企業對(dui)回用水(shui)(shui)日(ri)益增長(chang)的(de)需求。
2、原水水質
原水(shui)(shui)為天津經(jing)濟技(ji)術開發區污水(shui)(shui)處理廠SBR產水(shui)(shui),水(shui)(shui)質指標如下:
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3、全處理工藝流程
原(yuan)水 → 格柵 → 沉砂(sha)池(chi) → SBR反應池(chi) → 混凝(ning)沉降(jiang) → 調節池(chi) → CMF → RO → 用戶
(1)超濾膜系統設備配(pei)置規模(mo)如(ru)下(xia):
一(yi)期(qi)(qi)微濾(lv)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)2套(tao)(tao),2003投入運行,處理(li)水量(liang)5,000噸(dun)(dun)/日。一(yi)期(qi)(qi)擴建微濾(lv)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)2套(tao)(tao),2006年(nian)投入運行,處理(li)水量(liang)5,000噸(dun)(dun)/日。二期(qi)(qi)微濾(lv)裝(zhuang)(zhuang)(zhuang)置(zhi)(zhi)10套(tao)(tao)2008投入運行,處理(li)水量(liang)20,000噸(dun)(dun)/日,目前(qian)總(zong)處理(li)水量(liang)30,000噸(dun)(dun)/日,滿負荷供水。
(2)產水(shui)水(shui)質:分兩種,微濾產水(shui),一級反滲透(tou)脫鹽水(shui)
(3)產(chan)水(shui)用(yong)途:開發區企(qi)業(ye)生產(chan)用(yong)水(shui)(包括一汽豐田、濱能股份(fen)熱電(dian)廠等)。
(4)深(shen)度處理工(gong)藝流程:
來自污水(shui)處理廠SBR出水(shui)→加藥混凝(ning)→平流沉降池(chi)→進水(shui)調節(jie)池(chi)→CMF進水(shui)泵 → 自清洗保安過濾器 → CMF主機 →產水(shui)箱(xiang) →RO供水(shui)泵 → RO高(gao)壓泵→RO系統(tong)→ 用戶
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4、主要設備及功能
CMF系統由(you)主機系統、供水系統、控(kong)制系統、反洗(xi)(xi)系統、加(jia)藥系統、清洗(xi)(xi)系統和供氣系統七大(da)部分組成(cheng)。
主機(ji)系統由14臺(tai)MTM-CMF6-50設備組(zu)成,每臺(tai)產水(shui)恒流量獨立運行。每臺(tai)MTM-CMF6-50設備有MOF-4型膜組(zu)件50支,膜組(zu)件為中空纖維外壓(ya)式膜,材質(zhi)為PVDF,膜孔徑≤0.2μm。
供(gong)水(shui)系統(tong)由壓力傳感(gan)器(qi)和(he)供(gong)水(shui)泵的(de)變頻器(qi)組(zu)成恒壓控制,保證供(gong)水(shui)系統(tong)不因(yin)主機(ji)系統(tong)工況的(de)變化而變化。
控(kong)制系統由PLC、工控(kong)機(ji)、現場儀表、自動閥(fa)門和遠程監(jian)視(shi)計算機(ji)組成,具(ju)有手動和自動功(gong)能。自動運行時,全(quan)部自動控(kong)制,遠程監(jian)控(kong)。
反(fan)洗(xi)系(xi)統定(ding)時循環地為(wei)全部CMF設備逐一進(jin)行(xing)反(fan)洗(xi)。
加藥系統(tong)在設備進行反洗或化(hua)(hua)學清洗時配置化(hua)(hua)學藥品(pin)。
清洗(xi)(xi)系統采用(yong)獨(du)特的(de)氣水雙洗(xi)(xi)技術,節省清洗(xi)(xi)用(yong)水,提(ti)高(gao)水的(de)利用(yong)率(lv),保證(zheng)產水的(de)連續性(xing)和(he)優異的(de)膜通(tong)量恢復率(lv)。
考慮到整個系(xi)統(tong)用(yong)氣(qi)是間歇式的(de),瞬時用(yong)氣(qi)量大(da),供(gong)氣(qi)系(xi)統(tong)設置了緩(huan)沖氣(qi)罐,這樣可(ke)以(yi)選用(yong)小功率(lv)的(de)空(kong)壓機(ji)并(bing)均衡空(kong)壓機(ji)的(de)負載(zai)。
5、運行情況和技術經濟分析
(1)SDI變化趨勢
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從(cong)圖中(zhong)可以(yi)看出,SDI是(shi)達標(biao)的,一般情況下小于3,只有最初兩天(tian)檢測(ce)泵(beng)后產水SDI大于3,這可能是(shi)最初剛(gang)檢測(ce)時,管道內比較臟的原因(yin)。相比較而言,國(guo)外公司設備的SDI稍好一些,但差距(ju)不(bu)大,全都滿足(zu)反(fan)滲(shen)透(tou)系統的進水要求。
(2)細菌的監測
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(3)大腸桿(gan)菌的監測
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(4)COD指標
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(5)BOD指標
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(6)SS指標
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6年多的連續(xu)穩定(ding)運行(xing)(xing)表(biao)明(ming),MTM-CMF系統運行(xing)(xing)穩定(ding)可(ke)靠,產(chan)水指標能達到進RO要(yao)求,運行(xing)(xing)工(gong)藝能適(shi)應進水水質要(yao)求,與國(guo)(guo)外某著名公司(si)同等規模裝置進行(xing)(xing)的平行(xing)(xing)對(dui)比表(biao)明(ming),該國(guo)(guo)產(chan)化設(she)(she)備(bei)與進口設(she)(she)備(bei)性能相當,但(dan)設(she)(she)備(bei)造價、運行(xing)(xing)費用卻更為低廉。
由于采(cai)用性能優(you)異(yi)的(de)聚偏氟乙(yi)烯(xi)膜材料(liao),膜設(she)備可以(yi)采(cai)用價(jia)格較(jiao)為低(di)(di)(di)廉的(de)氯、臭氧等常用氧化性水處理藥劑進行(xing)殺菌,無需購(gou)買昂貴的(de)專用清洗藥劑,顯著降低(di)(di)(di)了運行(xing)成本;單支膜組件(jian)產水量(liang)大,價(jia)格低(di)(di)(di)廉,設(she)備造(zao)價(jia)相比同(tong)類(lei)進口設(she)備低(di)(di)(di)約(yue)30%以(yi)上;
CMF系統對預處理(li)要求簡單,即使發生跑泥,污(wu)水短(duan)時間進入膜裝(zhuang)置,由于我們的膜組件結構設計特點,膜裝(zhuang)置仍可正常工作(zuo),并將污(wu)泥清洗(xi)出去;CMF系統水回收(shou)率(lv)高,大于95%。
表(biao)1. 各(ge)工藝段出水水質
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從(cong)表1.可(ke)以看出,RO出水(shui)(shui)水(shui)(shui)質良好,再生水(shui)(shui)廠將優質再生水(shui)(shui)以低于(yu)(yu)工(gong)業用自來水(shui)(shui)的(de)價格銷售給企(qi)業,不僅節(jie)約了(le)大量寶(bao)貴的(de)水(shui)(shui)資源(yuan)(yuan),而且新水(shui)(shui)源(yuan)(yuan)公(gong)司(si)由于(yu)(yu)將污水(shui)(shui)變成資源(yuan)(yuan)而取得了(le)顯著(zhu)經濟效益,用水(shui)(shui)單位(wei)由于(yu)(yu)使用了(le)低價的(de)優質再生水(shui)(shui)而降低了(le)生產成本,真正實現(xian)了(le)雙贏。
6、小結
天津膜(mo)天膜(mo)科技(ji)(ji)有限公(gong)(gong)司在(zai)泰達污(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)廠污(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)深度處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)改造中(zhong)采(cai)用(yong)(yong)(yong)“雙膜(mo)法(fa)”(CMF+RO工(gong)(gong)藝(yi))污(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)深度處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)回用(yong)(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)藝(yi),實(shi)現了膜(mo)技(ji)(ji)術大(da)(da)規(gui)模(mo)(mo)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)化(hua)(hua)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)、技(ji)(ji)術集(ji)成(cheng)及國產(chan)(chan)化(hua)(hua),是國產(chan)(chan)“雙膜(mo)法(fa)”工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)和設備在(zai)我(wo)國首(shou)次大(da)(da)規(gui)模(mo)(mo)應用(yong)(yong)(yong)于城市污(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)再生(sheng)(sheng)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)。該工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)的投產(chan)(chan)運行徹底突(tu)破(po)了國內污(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)深度處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)“老(lao)三段”(混凝、沉淀、過濾)的傳統觀念,建(jian)(jian)立(li)起“雙膜(mo)法(fa)”、“污(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)脫鹽”新(xin)概念,使我(wo)國污(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)資源化(hua)(hua)技(ji)(ji)術水(shui)(shui)平(ping)、產(chan)(chan)業水(shui)(shui)平(ping)實(shi)現新(xin)跨越(yue),引起社會的極大(da)(da)關(guan)注。該污(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)再生(sheng)(sheng)利用(yong)(yong)(yong)工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)投產(chan)(chan)后(hou),溫(wen)家(jia)(jia)寶(bao)總理(li)(li)親臨現場視察(cha),對(dui)我(wo)公(gong)(gong)司堅持走自主創新(xin)和高技(ji)(ji)術國產(chan)(chan)化(hua)(hua)所取得的成(cheng)績(ji)給(gei)予高度評價和鼓(gu)勵,國家(jia)(jia)建(jian)(jian)設部、環保部以及眾多污(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)處(chu)(chu)理(li)(li)廠紛紛前來(lai)觀摩。泰達再生(sheng)(sheng)水(shui)(shui)系統已經(jing)成(cheng)為(wei)泰達主要(yao)基礎設施之一,為(wei)泰達招商引資服務,為(wei)經(jing)濟(ji)建(jian)(jian)設服務。2003年(nian)膜(mo)天公(gong)(gong)司因此獲得了國家(jia)(jia)環保總局頒發的環境保護(hu)科學技(ji)(ji)術二等(deng)獎(一等(deng)獎空缺(que)),2004年(nian),該項(xiang)目被建(jian)(jian)設部命(ming)名為(wei)“建(jian)(jian)設部城市污(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)再生(sheng)(sheng)利用(yong)(yong)(yong)綜合示范工(gong)(gong)程(cheng)”。
現場圖片:
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