微(wei)生(sheng)物(wu)細胞的(de)(de)合成(cheng)需要(yao)OC，并從(cong)合成(cheng)過(guo)程中(zhong)(zhong)獲得能量。由于(yu)環(huan)(huan)境條件的(de)(de)限(xian)制(zhi)，在水環(huan)(huan)境中(zhong)(zhong)，微(wei)生(sheng)物(wu)多利用(yong)的(de)(de)是溶解有機炭(DOC)。當(dang)DOC不足(zu)，成(cheng)為反(fan)硝(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)作(zuo)用(yong)的(de)(de)限(xian)制(zhi)因(yin)了時(shi)，微(wei)生(sheng)物(wu)的(de)(de)繁殖與活性(xing)等受(shou)(shou)到(dao)(dao)(dao)制(zhi)約，反(fan)硝(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)作(zuo)用(yong)受(shou)(shou)到(dao)(dao)(dao)影響。由于(yu)來自(zi)地(di)(di)表(biao)(biao)的(de)(de)OC，在從(cong)地(di)(di)表(biao)(biao)到(dao)(dao)(dao)地(di)(di)下(xia)(xia)水的(de)(de)入滲過(guo)程中(zhong)(zhong)發(fa)生(sheng)了氧化(hua)(hua)作(zuo)用(yong)，以致(zhi)大多數地(di)(di)下(xia)(xia)水環(huan)(huan)境中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)DOC濃度(du)<2mg/L，尤其隨埋度(du)的(de)(de)增加，地(di)(di)下(xia)(xia)水DOC含(han)量減(jian)少，反(fan)硝(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)作(zuo)用(yong)發(fa)生(sheng)的(de)(de)可能性(xing)越小。如Starr和(he)Gillham研(yan)究發(fa)現，在埋深(shen)2-3m的(de)(de)地(di)(di)下(xia)(xia)水環(huan)(huan)境中(zhong)(zhong)DOC含(han)量不足(zu)，便開(kai)始抑制(zhi)反(fan)硝(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)作(zuo)用(yong)進行(xing)，到(dao)(dao)(dao)埋深(shen)達4m時(shi)，DOC含(han)量進一步降(jiang)低，雖然環(huan)(huan)境中(zhong)(zhong)存在反(fan)硝(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)細菌，但根本(ben)不發(fa)生(sheng)反(fan)硝(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)作(zuo)用(yong)。理論(lun)上講，反(fan)硝(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)作(zuo)用(yong)要(yao)求C/N= 1.25(摩爾數比)，因(yin)此(ci)，多數情況(kuang)下(xia)(xia)，DOC成(cheng)為地(di)(di)下(xia)(xia)水環(huan)(huan)境中(zhong)(zhong)反(fan)硝(xiao)(xiao)化(hua)(hua)作(zuo)用(yong)的(de)(de)限(xian)制(zhi)因(yin)了。

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