在生產環(huan)氧(yang)樹(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)時，要用水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)配(pei)制堿，用水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)-甲(jia)(jia)苯溶液(ye)(ye)(ye)洗滌樹(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)，用水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)沖洗設備和(he)地(di)面------結果每生產一(yi)噸(dun)樹(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)約(yue)形(xing)成8.8M3的(de)(de)污(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。其中(zhong)母液(ye)(ye)(ye)約(yue)1.4 M3/噸(dun)，洗滌水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)約(yue)7.4 M3/噸(dun)。而在母液(ye)(ye)(ye)中(zhong)除配(pei)制堿液(ye)(ye)(ye)加入的(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)之外，還(huan)有(you)(you)環(huan)氧(yang)氯丙烷(wan)與雙酚A縮聚反(fan)應的(de)(de)生成水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。經中(zhong)和(he)排出的(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)帶有(you)(you)甲(jia)(jia)苯氣味、渾、呈黃色，含有(you)(you)許多有(you)(you)害(hai)的(de)(de)有(you)(you)機(ji)溶液(ye)(ye)(ye)、無機(ji)物及樹(shu)(shu)脂(zhi)(zhi)結合物等（見(jian)表）。

        目前在(zai)(zai)工業中(zhong)(zhong)使(shi)環氧樹脂生產(chan)的(de)污(wu)水進行(xing)無害處(chu)理的(de)方法(fa)(fa)主要(yao)有(you)二種，一是在(zai)(zai)爐(lu)子中(zhong)(zhong)焚燒，二是用微生物凈化處(chu)理。熱處(chu)理法(fa)(fa)需要(yao)消(xiao)耗大量(liang)的(de)熱量(liang)，且由(you)于排出物中(zhong)(zhong)無機物和(he)懸浮物濃(nong)度大，造成爐(lu)子的(de)操作困難。研究指出，污(wu)水在(zai)(zai)微生物處(chu)理裝置中(zhong)(zhong)可以得到凈化，重要(yao)的(de)是預先用其它的(de)污(wu)染少的(de)廢水對它進行(xing)稀釋(shi)（稀釋(shi)到COD約600-700 mgO2/l）。但(dan)這(zhe)不是長遠之計，問題的(de)關鍵是在(zai)(zai)工廠中(zhong)(zhong)要(yao)減少水的(de)消(xiao)耗和(he)廢水的(de)量(liang)。

        因此采用(yong)局(ju)部(bu)處理(li)濃的環(huan)氧(yang)樹脂生產(chan)污水的過程(cheng)是現實(shi)的，它們(men)不用(yong)稀釋污水，還可以在(zai)生產(chan)中充分(fen)利用(yong)凈化(hua)的污水。本文(wen)提出(chu)了(le)污水處理(li)的流程(cheng)，它包括凝聚作用(yong)、蒸發(fa)、生化(hua)處理(li)、沉淀(dian)的排放及加工處理(li)過程(cheng)。

        原(yuan)料(liao)污水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)由(you)貯槽(cao)(cao)集(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，不(bu)斷(duan)地送(song)入(ru)裝(zhuang)有攪拌的(de)(de)夾套(tao)凝聚釜1中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，在這里加(jia)入(ru)40%的(de)(de)硫酸鋁溶液(ye)(ye)，用(yong)量(liang)(liang)為(wei)0.5-1Kg/M3污水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，在50-60℃下(xia)不(bu)斷(duan)地對(dui)混(hun)合(he)(he)物進行(xing)拌和(he)。物料(liao)自流到(dao)沉(chen)淀(dian)(dian)池2中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，在這里凝聚的(de)(de)懸(xuan)浮物以(yi)(yi)6mm/分(fen)左右的(de)(de)速度發生(sheng)沉(chen)淀(dian)(dian)。凝聚的(de)(de)結(jie)果(guo)使水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)澄清(qing)，沉(chen)淀(dian)(dian)池底(di)部含(han)99.7%的(de)(de)懸(xuan)浮物和(he)75%的(de)(de)樹脂(zhi)狀物。由(you)沉(chen)淀(dian)(dian)池流出(chu)的(de)(de)清(qing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)收(shou)集(ji)到(dao)貯槽(cao)(cao)3中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。由(you)沉(chen)淀(dian)(dian)池錐(zhui)形(xing)底(di)處得83Kg/M3污水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，含(han)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)98.6%的(de)(de)沉(chen)淀(dian)(dian)物，定(ding)期排(pai)放到(dao)裝(zhuang)有攪拌的(de)(de)貯槽(cao)(cao)4中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)。貯槽(cao)(cao)3中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)澄清(qing)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)通過(guo)(guo)調(diao)節控制進入(ru)帶有強制循(xun)環裝(zhuang)置的(de)(de)蒸發器(qi)(qi)5中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，由(you)于污水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)蒸發的(de)(de)結(jie)果(guo)，形(xing)成(cheng)結(jie)晶的(de)(de)無機物（主要是NaCl），將(jiang)它(ta)集(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)在園錐(zhui)形(xing)底(di)部使之從蒸發器(qi)(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)分(fen)離出(chu)來，定(ding)期排(pai)放到(dao)貯槽(cao)(cao)4中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，沉(chen)淀(dian)(dian)量(liang)(liang)為(wei)334Kg/M3污水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，含(han)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)為(wei)85%。這沉(chen)淀(dian)(dian)物與經過(guo)(guo)沉(chen)淀(dian)(dian)池2沉(chen)淀(dian)(dian)的(de)(de)沉(chen)淀(dian)(dian)物在貯槽(cao)(cao)4中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)混(hun)合(he)(he)，得到(dao)含(han)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)為(wei)87.7%的(de)(de)混(hun)合(he)(he)物，送(song)到(dao)鼓式真空過(guo)(guo)濾(lv)器(qi)(qi)6中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)脫水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)。過(guo)(guo)濾(lv)后的(de)(de)沉(chen)淀(dian)(dian)物量(liang)(liang)為(wei)167Kg/M3污水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，含(han)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)(liang)為(wei)70%，將(jiang)它(ta)收(shou)集(ji)起來輸送(song)出(chu)去(qu)或加(jia)以(yi)(yi)利用(yong)。對(dui)于灼燒(shao)以(yi)(yi)后的(de)(de)氯化(hua)鈉(na)加(jia)以(yi)(yi)利用(yong)（按干(gan)的(de)(de)殘留有機物計含(han)NaCl沉(chen)淀(dian)(dian)80%）。濾(lv)去(qu)沉(chen)淀(dian)(dian)后的(de)(de)液(ye)(ye)體(ti)117Kg/M3污水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)，集(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)到(dao)容器(qi)(qi)7中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，及用(yong)泵(beng)送(song)到(dao)沉(chen)淀(dian)(dian)池2 中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)重復(fu)澄清(qing)。

        在不(bu)斷(duan)的使污(wu)水到蒸(zheng)發器(qi)(qi)的過程中，當蒸(zheng)發器(qi)(qi)處于(yu)穩(wen)定工(gong)作狀態(tai)時(shi)，排(pai)出二(er)次蒸(zheng)汽及定期排(pai)放在蒸(zheng)發器(qi)(qi)中強制循環(huan)的沉淀（釜(fu)殘留物(wu)(wu)）。沉淀大致的組分為無機物(wu)(wu)（主要(yao)是(shi)氯(lv)化鈉）含(han)量82%，（260Kg/M3）和18%有機物(wu)(wu)。有機混合物(wu)(wu)中85%是(shi)甘(gan)油，9.3%是(shi)二(er)酚(fen)基丙烷，3.8%是(shi)酚(fen)，1.2%是(shi)甲苯，0.2%是(shi)環(huan)氧氯(lv)丙烷。釜(fu)殘留物(wu)(wu)生(sheng)物(wu)(wu)耗(hao)氧量為440KgO2/M3。

        二次蒸(zheng)汽由(you)蒸(zheng)發器(qi)(qi)5到冷凝器(qi)(qi)8中(zhong)冷凝和流(liu)向分(fen)相器(qi)(qi)9，在這(zhe)里使污水(shui)(shui)中(zhong)含有(you)的甲苯與(yu)水(shui)(shui)分(fen)離(li)，收集上(shang)層的甲苯。甲苯由(you)上(shang)層定(ding)期合并(bing)返回(hui)到生產中(zhong)，量約為1-1.1Kg/M3污水(shui)(shui),而(er)分(fen)相器(qi)(qi)9底部的水(shui)(shui)流(liu)到蒸(zheng)餾受器(qi)(qi)10中(zhong)。

        由于在受器中氯化物含量不大（10mg/l）及有機物濃度極大的降低（按COD去除97.5%）結果蒸出的污水可以利用到環氧樹脂生產中，作為配制堿液和作為第一次洗滌樹脂用。受器中殘余部分的水0.7-0.8M3/M3污水，由受器10進入微生物處理池，用活性污泥在雙級暴氣池11中處理，曝氣時間第一級為16小時，第二級為21小時，相應的活性污泥含量為3.5和1.7g/l。在沉淀池園錐底部分的活性污泥用泵返到曝氣池，循環的活性污泥部分（過量活性污泥）量為0.38 Kg/M3凈水，含水量為98%，排放到污泥堆場。生物處理后的水收集在容器12中，它透明、無色無味、不含有害的有機物及無機雜質，這樣的水可以排放到水體或利用在生產中去，用于配制堿液或硫酸鋁，洗滌樹脂及設備，沖洗地板等。值得指出的是用該流程處理污水的COD總效率為99.9%，無機物去除率—99.9%，懸浮物去除率—99.7%-100%。此外利用凈化水替代新鮮水，可以減少新鮮水消耗4-6倍，完全消除了環氧樹脂生產的廢水的危害。
 
 

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