摘要:農(nong)村生活污(wu)(wu)水已對農(nong)村地(di)區(qu)(qu)的(de)水體、土地(di)等自(zi)然環境產生潛在的(de)安全隱患。為了(le)(le)(le)確保農(nong)村水環境安全和農(nong)民身(shen)體健康(kang),必須加(jia)強農(nong)村生活污(wu)(wu)水的(de)收集(ji)、處理和資源化利用。作者(zhe)以江蘇省如皋市為例(li),歸納(na)了(le)(le)(le)在農(nong)村生活污(wu)(wu)水處理方(fang)面的(de)實(shi)踐和取得的(de)主要成效,針對農(nong)村地(di)區(qu)(qu)資金短缺的(de)情況,提出(chu)了(le)(le)(le)適應農(nong)村實(shi)際(ji)的(de)污(wu)(wu)水處理設施建設及營(ying)運模(mo)式。 

關鍵詞:農(nong)村,生活污水,處(chu)理(li)方式(shi)(shi),運(yun)行模式(shi)(shi)

生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)污(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)是(shi)當前農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)主要環境問題之一(yi)。農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)污(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)不僅是(shi)農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)源地潛(qian)在的(de)安全隱(yin)患,而且會引發農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)水(shui)(shui)(shui)質性(xing)缺水(shui)(shui)(shui),對(dui)農(nong)(nong)業(ye)生(sheng)(sheng)產(chan)和(he)農(nong)(nong)產(chan)品品質構成不利(li)影(ying)響,進而直接影(ying)響廣大村(cun)(cun)(cun)民的(de)生(sheng)(sheng)存(cun)環境與身體健康[1]。重(zhong)視農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)地區(qu)生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)污(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)污(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)控(kong)制,加強農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)污(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)收集、處(chu)理(li)和(he)資(zi)源化(hua)利(li)用,積(ji)極探索并全面實(shi)(shi)施適(shi)應農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)實(shi)(shi)際的(de)污(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)處(chu)理(li)方案是(shi)當前仍至整個“十二(er)五(wu)”期間農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)環境保護(hu)的(de)重(zhong)點和(he)難點。筆者結合(he)所(suo)在地區(qu)在農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)污(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)處(chu)理(li)方面的(de)實(shi)(shi)踐和(he)取得的(de)主要成效,對(dui)農(nong)(nong)村(cun)(cun)(cun)生(sheng)(sheng)活(huo)污(wu)(wu)水(shui)(shui)(shui)處(chu)理(li)方式及(ji)運(yun)營模式進行探討。

1農村生活污水的基本特征

農(nong)村生(sheng)活(huo)污(wu)(wu)水(shui)是農(nong)村居民在生(sheng)活(huo)和家(jia)庭養殖等(deng)過程中(zhong)產生(sheng)的污(wu)(wu)水(shui)的總稱。農(nong)村生(sheng)活(huo)污(wu)(wu)水(shui)包(bao)括廚(chu)房炊(chui)事廢(fei)水(shui)(淘米洗(xi)菜用水(shui)、泔水(shui)等(deng))、洗(xi)衣、洗(xi)浴和廁所污(wu)(wu)水(shui)、家(jia)養蓄禽糞便、廢(fei)水(shui)等(deng)。與(yu)城鎮生(sheng)活(huo)污(wu)(wu)水(shui)相比,農(nong)村生(sheng)活(huo)污(wu)(wu)水(shui)無論(lun)是排放點分布(bu)還是排放量大(da)小,無論(lun)是污(wu)(wu)染(ran)物(wu)濃度還是資源化需求都具有明顯特征。

1.1農村人均用水量明顯低于城市一般來說,農村居民人均用水量明顯低于城市居民。居民生活用水包括居民家庭用水和“三產”服務業用水。在城市,“三產”服務業用水占市民生活用總量的30%以上。根據水利部公報顯示,2004年,我國城鎮人均生活(

詳細內容請查看附件部分：

  使用微信“掃一掃”功能添加“谷騰環保網”

相關文章