摘要：采用(yong)電(dian)鍍廢水處理(li)新(xin)技術—高(gao)壓脈(mo)沖電(dian)絮凝產生高(gao)效能(neng)的(de)亞鐵離子(zi)，與(yu)光Fenton相結合的(de)方法處理(li)高(gao)濃度(du)含(han)(han)磷有(you)機廢水中(zhong)的(de)次磷及有(you)機磷，利用(yong)鉬酸銨分光光度(du)計法檢測處理(li)后水樣(yang)中(zhong)的(de)總磷含(han)(han)量。該方法對總磷的(de)去除(chu)率可達到(dao)96％以上，處理(li)后水樣(yang)中(zhong)總磷含(han)(han)量<1mg/L，達到(dao)電(dian)鍍污染物排放標準。

關鍵詞(ci)：高壓脈沖(chong)　電絮凝(ning)　光Fenton　磷(lin)　有機(ji)廢水

一、前言

磷(lin)為(wei)常見元素(su)，在(zai)地(di)殼中(zhong)的(de)(de)(de)含(han)量(liang)(liang)約為(wei)0.118%。磷(lin)普遍存(cun)在(zai)于生(sheng)物(wu)體(ti)的(de)(de)(de)細胞、骨胳和(he)牙(ya)齒中(zhong)。磷(lin)在(zai)自(zi)然界中(zhong)都(dou)是以各種磷(lin)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)的(de)(de)(de)形(xing)式出現，分(fen)為(wei)正(zheng)磷(lin)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)、縮合磷(lin)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)（焦磷(lin)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)、偏磷(lin)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)和(he)多磷(lin)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)）及(ji)有(you)機結合的(de)(de)(de)磷(lin)（如核酸(suan)(suan)(suan)、卵(luan)磷(lin)脂、植酸(suan)(suan)(suan)及(ji)各種磷(lin)脂酸(suan)(suan)(suan)）。磷(lin)是構成動植物(wu)和(he)人(ren)體(ti)所必需的(de)(de)(de)元素(su)，與生(sheng)命體(ti)密切相(xiang)關，是新陳代謝過(guo)程必不可少的(de)(de)(de)元素(su)。一般天然水(shui)體(ti)中(zhong)磷(lin)酸(suan)(suan)(suan)鹽(yan)(yan)(yan)含(han)量(liang)(liang)不高，化肥(fei)、冶煉、電鍍、合成洗滌劑等行(xing)業的(de)(de)(de)工業廢水(shui)及(ji)生(sheng)活(huo)污水(shui)中(zhong)常含(han)有(you)較大量(liang)(liang)的(de)(de)(de)磷(lin)。但水(shui)體(ti)中(zhong)磷(lin)含(han)量(liang)(liang)超過(guo)0.2mg/L，可造成藻類及(ji)其他浮游植物(wu)的(de)(de)(de)過(guo)度(du)繁殖，從而(er)形(xing)成富營(ying)養(yang)化，造成湖泊(bo)、河流的(de)(de)(de)透明度(du)降(jiang)低(di)，水(shui)質變壞(huai)。

目(mu)前(qian)國內(nei)外常(chang)用的(de)(de)除(chu)(chu)磷(lin)(lin)方法(fa)(fa)有：化(hua)(hua)學(xue)沉(chen)淀(dian)法(fa)(fa)（包(bao)括鈣法(fa)(fa)除(chu)(chu)磷(lin)(lin)和混凝輔(fu)助化(hua)(hua)學(xue)沉(chen)淀(dian)法(fa)(fa)）、生(sheng)物(wu)法(fa)(fa)（包(bao)括A/O工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)、A2/O工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)、SBR工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)、氧化(hua)(hua)溝工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)、生(sheng)物(wu)膜與(yu)活性污(wu)泥(ni)相(xiang)結(jie)(jie)合(he)(he)除(chu)(chu)磷(lin)(lin)新工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)、BCFS工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)、A2N工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)、MSBR工(gong)(gong)藝(yi)）、吸附法(fa)(fa)、離(li)子交(jiao)換法(fa)(fa)、電化(hua)(hua)學(xue)除(chu)(chu)磷(lin)(lin)、Fenton除(chu)(chu)磷(lin)(lin)及(ji)光Fenton除(chu)(chu)磷(lin)(lin)等。本文(wen)將電化(hua)(hua)學(xue)與(yu)光Fenton兩種(zhong)方法(fa)(fa)結(jie)(jie)合(he)(he)起來，使(shi)用高壓脈沖(chong)電凝機產生(sheng)大量的(de)(de)催化(hua)(hua)劑(ji)Fe2+，減(jian)少H2O2的(de)(de)用量，從(cong)而(er)大大提高除(chu)(chu)磷(lin)(lin)效率。

傳統電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)解(jie)(jie)法(fa)采(cai)用低電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)、大(da)電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)，很久以來，受電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)極材(cai)料的限制，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)催化(hua)(hua)(hua)氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)降解(jie)(jie)有機(ji)物(wu)過程中的電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)效率低，電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)消耗很高，難以應(ying)(ying)用于實際(ji)。而高壓(ya)脈沖電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)凝(ning)(ning)法(fa)（HVES）[44-47]卻(que)剛(gang)好相(xiang)反，采(cai)用高電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)、小電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)流(liu)，通過電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)原(yuan)理，借(jie)助外加高電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)壓(ya)作用，產生電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)化(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)反應(ying)(ying)，把電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)能(neng)轉化(hua)(hua)(hua)為(wei)化(hua)(hua)(hua)學(xue)能(neng)。經電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)凝(ning)(ning)高備即可對廢水中的有機(ji)或無機(ji)物(wu)進行氧(yang)化(hua)(hua)(hua)還(huan)原(yuan)反應(ying)(ying)，進而凝(ning)(ning)聚、浮除，將污染物(wu)從(cong)水體中分離，可有效地(di)去除電(dian)(dian)(dian)(dian)鍍綜合廢水中的磷(lin)酸鹽(yan)等。

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