摘要：采(cai)(cai)用(yong)ICP-MS分(fen)析法測定了(le)我(wo)(wo)國(guo)3個典型沿(yan)(yan)(yan)海(hai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市廣(guang)州(zhou)、上海(hai)和(he)(he)大(da)(da)連(lian)共13個污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)水(shui)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)廠(chang)(chang)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥(ni)(ni)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)7種重金屬(shu)(shu)(shu)含量,并與2006年和(he)(he)2001年的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)數據進(jin)行了(le)對(dui)比,以了(le)解我(wo)(wo)國(guo)沿(yan)(yan)(yan)海(hai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)水(shui)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)廠(chang)(chang)重金屬(shu)(shu)(shu)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)狀(zhuang)況、變化趨勢和(he)(he)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)置(zhi)(zhi)方案. 結果表(biao)明,我(wo)(wo)國(guo)沿(yan)(yan)(yan)海(hai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥(ni)(ni)中(zhong)重金屬(shu)(shu)(shu)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)分(fen)布存在較大(da)(da)差(cha)異,7種重金屬(shu)(shu)(shu)平均含量大(da)(da)小順序為Cr>Zn>Cu>Pb>As>Hg>Cd,Cr、Cu和(he)(he)As的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)含量超出了(le)《城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鎮污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)水(shui)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)廠(chang)(chang)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)物排(pai)放(fang)標(biao)準(zhun)》,污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)嚴(yan)重. 相對(dui)于(yu)以前,我(wo)(wo)國(guo)沿(yan)(yan)(yan)海(hai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥(ni)(ni)中(zhong)Zn的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)含量明顯減(jian)少,Pb、Hg和(he)(he)Cd的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)含量與沒有明顯變化,但Cr、Cu、As均明顯增(zeng)加. 各(ge)區域各(ge)類型污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)水(shui)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)廠(chang)(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥(ni)(ni)重金屬(shu)(shu)(shu)含量分(fen)析表(biao)明,來源于(yu)工業廢水(shui)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥(ni)(ni)中(zhong)Zn、Cu和(he)(he)Hg的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)平均含量較生(sheng)活污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)水(shui)為主的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥(ni)(ni)高; 廣(guang)州(zhou)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)水(shui)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)廠(chang)(chang)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥(ni)(ni)中(zhong)Cr、Pb、As、Hg和(he)(he)Cd的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)含量均高于(yu)上海(hai)和(he)(he)大(da)(da)連(lian). 沿(yan)(yan)(yan)海(hai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)水(shui)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)廠(chang)(chang)中(zhong)超出《城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)鎮污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)水(shui)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)廠(chang)(chang)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染(ran)(ran)(ran)物排(pai)放(fang)標(biao)準(zhun)》中(zhong)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥(ni)(ni)農用(yong)標(biao)準(zhun)限值的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)占總調(diao)查(cha)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)水(shui)處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)理(li)廠(chang)(chang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)23%,我(wo)(wo)國(guo)沿(yan)(yan)(yan)海(hai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥(ni)(ni)大(da)(da)部分(fen)仍可(ke)采(cai)(cai)用(yong)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥(ni)(ni)農用(yong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)有益處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)置(zhi)(zhi)方式進(jin)行處(chu)(chu)(chu)(chu)置(zhi)(zhi). 同時,本(ben)次調(diao)查(cha)數據也為我(wo)(wo)國(guo)沿(yan)(yan)(yan)海(hai)城(cheng)(cheng)(cheng)市開展污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)水(shui)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥(ni)(ni)海(hai)洋傾倒相關技(ji)術(shu)標(biao)準(zhun)的(de)(de)(de)(de)(de)制定提供了(le)基礎(chu)數據.

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