摘(zhai)要：對比考察了不同曝(pu)氣(qi)強度(du)下(xia)(xia)序(xu)批式(shi)活性污泥反(fan)(fan)(fan)應(ying)器(qi)(SBR)和(he)(he)(he)序(xu)批式(shi)移動床生(sheng)物膜反(fan)(fan)(fan)應(ying)器(qi)(SBMBBR)的(de)(de)(de)脫氮(dan)除(chu)(chu)(chu)磷(lin)效(xiao)果,并分析了反(fan)(fan)(fan)應(ying)器(qi)單個周期內有機物、氮(dan)和(he)(he)(he)磷(lin)的(de)(de)(de)轉化(hua)(hua)(hua)過程.實驗結果表明,SBMBBR和(he)(he)(he)SBR脫氮(dan)主要是(shi)基于(yu)好(hao)氧段(duan)(duan)發生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)同步硝(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)反(fan)(fan)(fan)硝(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)(SND)及進水、攪拌(ban)階段(duan)(duan)發生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)缺氧反(fan)(fan)(fan)硝(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)途(tu)徑實現的(de)(de)(de),而(er)(er)除(chu)(chu)(chu)磷(lin)是(shi)基于(yu)常規生(sheng)物除(chu)(chu)(chu)磷(lin)和(he)(he)(he)反(fan)(fan)(fan)硝(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)除(chu)(chu)(chu)磷(lin)過程而(er)(er)完成.曝(pu)氣(qi)強度(du)會(hui)影響SBR和(he)(he)(he)SBMBBR好(hao)氧階段(duan)(duan)SND發生(sheng)的(de)(de)(de)程度(du),最(zui)佳曝(pu)氣(qi)強度(du)下(xia)(xia)兩者通過SND作用去(qu)除(chu)(chu)(chu)的(de)(de)(de)TN量分別達(da)到(dao)去(qu)除(chu)(chu)(chu)總量的(de)(de)(de)47.7%和(he)(he)(he)79.0%.在采用先行(xing)厭氧的(de)(de)(de)運行(xing)方式(shi),保持系統內高濃度(du)微生(sheng)物,使反(fan)(fan)(fan)應(ying)器(qi)在進水C/N比只有2.2~3.5的(de)(de)(de)條件下(xia)(xia)均取得了良好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)脫氮(dan)除(chu)(chu)(chu)磷(lin)效(xiao)果.兩者相比,SBMBBR和(he)(he)(he)SBR在COD和(he)(he)(he)NH+4-N去(qu)除(chu)(chu)(chu)方面沒有差異,而(er)(er)SBMBBR的(de)(de)(de)反(fan)(fan)(fan)硝(xiao)化(hua)(hua)(hua)、除(chu)(chu)(chu)磷(lin)效(xiao)果更優,TN、TP去(qu)除(chu)(chu)(chu)率分別達(da)到(dao)95.4%和(he)(he)(he)93.5%,較(jiao)SBR分別高出10.9%和(he)(he)(he)4.1%.

關鍵詞：SBR，SBMBBR，脫氮除磷，硝化(hua)(hua)反硝化(hua)(hua)(SND)，反硝化(hua)(hua)除磷

隨著(zhu)水(shui)體富營養(yang)化問(wen)題的(de)(de)(de)日益突出(chu)及污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)水(shui)排放標準的(de)(de)(de)不(bu)(bu)(bu)斷提(ti)高(gao)(gao)，脫(tuo)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)除(chu)磷(lin)(lin)已成(cheng)為當(dang)前污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)水(shui)處(chu)理(li)領域的(de)(de)(de)研究熱點(dian)，序(xu)批式(shi)活(huo)性污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥（ＳＢＲ）工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)因(yin)其特(te)有(you)的(de)(de)(de)優(you)越(yue)性而得(de)到越(yue)來越(yue)廣泛(fan)的(de)(de)(de)應用(yong)．基于(yu)(yu)傳(chuan)(chuan)統脫(tuo)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)除(chu)磷(lin)(lin)原(yuan)理(li)，采(cai)(cai)用(yong)單級好(hao)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)或(huo)厭(yan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)好(hao)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)運(yun)(yun)行(xing)工(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)的(de)(de)(de)ＳＢＲ工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)很難實(shi)現(xian)(xian)(xian)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)水(shui)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)和(he)磷(lin)(lin)的(de)(de)(de)有(you)效(xiao)去(qu)除(chu)，因(yin)此，不(bu)(bu)(bu)少(shao)研究者就如何改進(jin)(jin)ＳＢＲ運(yun)(yun)行(xing)方(fang)式(shi)以(yi)減(jian)小各反(fan)(fan)應過程之間矛盾，提(ti)高(gao)(gao)脫(tuo)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)除(chu)磷(lin)(lin)效(xiao)果進(jin)(jin)行(xing)了深(shen)入的(de)(de)(de)研究，主要的(de)(de)(de)改進(jin)(jin)運(yun)(yun)行(xing)方(fang)式(shi)有(you)：在曝氣(qi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)間階段(duan)(duan)或(huo)曝氣(qi)階段(duan)(duan)后增設停(ting)曝攪拌階段(duan)(duan)，采(cai)(cai)用(yong)厭(yan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)好(hao)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)缺氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)運(yun)(yun)行(xing)模式(shi)，采(cai)(cai)用(yong)多段(duan)(duan)進(jin)(jin)水(shui)、交替厭(yan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)好(hao)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)運(yun)(yun)行(xing)工(gong)(gong)(gong)序(xu)，采(cai)(cai)用(yong)恒(heng)液(ye)位出(chu)水(shui)方(fang)式(shi)等．以(yi)上改進(jin)(jin)的(de)(de)(de)運(yun)(yun)行(xing)方(fang)式(shi)提(ti)高(gao)(gao)了ＳＢＲ的(de)(de)(de)運(yun)(yun)行(xing)效(xiao)果，但也使其運(yun)(yun)行(xing)操作和(he)管理(li)更為復雜．移動床生(sheng)物膜(mo)反(fan)(fan)應器(qi)(qi)（ＭＢＢＲ）是近幾年興起(qi)的(de)(de)(de)一種污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)水(shui)處(chu)理(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)，它集(ji)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)了活(huo)性污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)泥法(fa)和(he)生(sheng)物膜(mo)法(fa)的(de)(de)(de)優(you)點(dian)，具(ju)有(you)生(sheng)物相豐富、傳(chuan)(chuan)質速(su)率快、處(chu)理(li)能(neng)力強、抗(kang)沖擊負荷等特(te)點(dian)．在ＭＢＢＲ工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，由于(yu)(yu)填料內(nei)部(bu)存(cun)在的(de)(de)(de)溶(rong)解氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)（ＤＯ）擴散(san)限制(zhi)而多有(you)同(tong)(tong)步硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化反(fan)(fan)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化（ＳＮＤ）現(xian)(xian)(xian)象的(de)(de)(de)發(fa)生(sheng)，因(yin)而具(ju)有(you)良(liang)好(hao)的(de)(de)(de)脫(tuo)除(chu)有(you)機物和(he)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)的(de)(de)(de)能(neng)力．研究發(fa)現(xian)(xian)(xian)，采(cai)(cai)用(yong)厭(yan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)好(hao)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)序(xu)批式(shi)移動床生(sheng)物膜(mo)反(fan)(fan)應器(qi)(qi)（ＳＢＭＢＢＲ），利(li)用(yong)傳(chuan)(chuan)統除(chu)磷(lin)(lin)原(yuan)理(li)和(he)ＳＮＤ原(yuan)理(li)能(neng)夠實(shi)現(xian)(xian)(xian)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)和(he)磷(lin)(lin)的(de)(de)(de)同(tong)(tong)步去(qu)除(chu)．在ＳＢＭＢＢＲ中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，聚磷(lin)(lin)菌(jun)、反(fan)(fan)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化菌(jun)、硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化菌(jun)等存(cun)在于(yu)(yu)同(tong)(tong)一系統中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)，必然存(cun)在著(zhu)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化菌(jun)、反(fan)(fan)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化菌(jun)與聚磷(lin)(lin)菌(jun)對(dui)溶(rong)解氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)需(xu)求不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)(de)矛盾，反(fan)(fan)硝(xiao)(xiao)(xiao)化菌(jun)與聚磷(lin)(lin)菌(jun)對(dui)碳源的(de)(de)(de)競爭，以(yi)及在生(sheng)物膜(mo)內(nei)部(bu)存(cun)在的(de)(de)(de)ＤＯ擴散(san)限制(zhi)可能(neng)有(you)利(li)于(yu)(yu)脫(tuo)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)而不(bu)(bu)(bu)利(li)于(yu)(yu)磷(lin)(lin)的(de)(de)(de)吸收等問(wen)題．因(yin)此，本文對(dui)比考察以(yi)厭(yan)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)好(hao)氧(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)(yang)簡單模式(shi)運(yun)(yun)行(xing)的(de)(de)(de)ＳＢＲ和(he)ＳＢＭＢＢＲ脫(tuo)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)除(chu)磷(lin)(lin)效(xiao)果，分析在不(bu)(bu)(bu)同(tong)(tong)曝氣(qi)條件下(xia)反(fan)(fan)應器(qi)(qi)單個周期內(nei)有(you)機物、氮(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)和(he)磷(lin)(lin)的(de)(de)(de)轉化過程，探討系統中(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)(zhong)污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)染物去(qu)除(chu)的(de)(de)(de)特(te)性．以(yi)驗證(zheng)ＳＢＭＢＢＲ工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)在污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)水(shui)脫(tuo)氮(dan)(dan)(dan)(dan)處(chu)理(li)方(fang)面的(de)(de)(de)優(you)越(yue)性，確(que)定關鍵工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)參(can)數(shu)，為該(gai)工(gong)(gong)(gong)藝(yi)(yi)(yi)的(de)(de)(de)應用(yong)推廣及現(xian)(xian)(xian)有(you)ＳＢＲ污(wu)(wu)(wu)(wu)水(shui)處(chu)理(li)工(gong)(gong)(gong)程的(de)(de)(de)升級改造(zao)提(ti)供參(can)考.

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