熱解吸對污染土壤中不同形態汞的去除作用

摘要: 選取貴州省萬(wan)山礦區的(de)(de)(de)(de)汞(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)污染土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)樣品進行不(bu)同形態(tai)汞(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)熱(re)解吸(xi)去除(chu)行為研究(jiu)。研究(jiu)了(le)熱(re)解吸(xi)過(guo)程中∑Hg的(de)(de)(de)(de)去除(chu)效(xiao)果(guo)及(ji)動力學(xue)，以及(ji)溫(wen)度(du)(du)和時(shi)間(jian)對污染土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)中不(bu)同形態(tai)汞(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)去除(chu)作用。結果(guo)表明(ming)，熱(re)解吸(xi)修復(fu)技術可有效(xiao)去除(chu)土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)中的(de)(de)(de)(de)汞(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)中∑Hg的(de)(de)(de)(de)熱(re)解吸(xi)過(guo)程符合二級動力學(xue)方程。固定熱(re)解吸(xi)時(shi)間(jian)在10 min時(shi)，隨著熱(re)解吸(xi)溫(wen)度(du)(du)的(de)(de)(de)(de)升高，土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)中水溶(rong)(rong)態(tai)汞(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)、鹽酸(suan)溶(rong)(rong)態(tai)汞(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)和堿溶(rong)(rong)態(tai)汞(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)含量呈(cheng)現先(xian)下降(jiang)后上升再(zai)下降(jiang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)趨勢(shi)，王水溶(rong)(rong)汞(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)和鹽酸(suan)溶(rong)(rong)態(tai)汞(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)始終呈(cheng)現下降(jiang)趨勢(shi)，說明(ming)不(bu)同形態(tai)的(de)(de)(de)(de)汞(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)之間(jian)發生(sheng)了(le)轉化。熱(re)解吸(xi)溫(wen)度(du)(du)為250℃時(shi)，隨著熱(re)解吸(xi)時(shi)間(jian)的(de)(de)(de)(de)增加，環境風險大的(de)(de)(de)(de)水溶(rong)(rong)態(tai)汞(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)、鹽酸(suan)溶(rong)(rong)態(tai)汞(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)、堿溶(rong)(rong)態(tai)汞(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)和硝酸(suan)溶(rong)(rong)態(tai)汞(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)(de)(de)去除(chu)率大幅增加，土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)的(de)(de)(de)(de)有機(ji)質損失較少，說明(ming)在低溫(wen)下，延長熱(re)解吸(xi)時(shi)間(jian)，對生(sheng)物(wu)毒性強的(de)(de)(de)(de)形態(tai)汞(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)有良好的(de)(de)(de)(de)修復(fu)效(xiao)果(guo)，且此(ci)溫(wen)度(du)(du)下處理后的(de)(de)(de)(de)土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)(rang)更(geng)容易(yi)恢(hui)復(fu)農田(tian)耕(geng)作。

中(zhong)文摘要:

選取(qu)貴州省萬山礦(kuang)區的(de)(de)汞(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)污染土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)樣品進行不(bu)同形態(tai)(tai)汞(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)熱(re)(re)解(jie)(jie)(jie)吸(xi)去(qu)除行為研究。研究了熱(re)(re)解(jie)(jie)(jie)吸(xi)過(guo)程(cheng)中(zhong)∑Hg的(de)(de)去(qu)除效果及動力(li)學，以(yi)及溫度(du)和(he)時間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)對污染土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)中(zhong)不(bu)同形態(tai)(tai)汞(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)去(qu)除作用(yong)。結果表(biao)明(ming)，熱(re)(re)解(jie)(jie)(jie)吸(xi)修復(fu)技術(shu)可有(you)效去(qu)除土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)中(zhong)的(de)(de)汞(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)，土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)中(zhong)∑Hg的(de)(de)熱(re)(re)解(jie)(jie)(jie)吸(xi)過(guo)程(cheng)符合二級動力(li)學方程(cheng)。固定熱(re)(re)解(jie)(jie)(jie)吸(xi)時間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)在(zai)10 min時，隨著(zhu)熱(re)(re)解(jie)(jie)(jie)吸(xi)溫度(du)的(de)(de)升(sheng)高，土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)中(zhong)水溶(rong)(rong)態(tai)(tai)汞(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)、鹽酸(suan)溶(rong)(rong)態(tai)(tai)汞(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)和(he)堿溶(rong)(rong)態(tai)(tai)汞(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)含量呈現(xian)先下(xia)降后上升(sheng)再下(xia)降的(de)(de)趨(qu)勢，王水溶(rong)(rong)汞(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)和(he)鹽酸(suan)溶(rong)(rong)態(tai)(tai)汞(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)始終呈現(xian)下(xia)降趨(qu)勢，說(shuo)明(ming)不(bu)同形態(tai)(tai)的(de)(de)汞(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)之間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)發生了轉化。熱(re)(re)解(jie)(jie)(jie)吸(xi)溫度(du)為250℃時，隨著(zhu)熱(re)(re)解(jie)(jie)(jie)吸(xi)時間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)的(de)(de)增(zeng)(zeng)加，環境(jing)風險大的(de)(de)水溶(rong)(rong)態(tai)(tai)汞(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)、鹽酸(suan)溶(rong)(rong)態(tai)(tai)汞(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)、堿溶(rong)(rong)態(tai)(tai)汞(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)和(he)硝酸(suan)溶(rong)(rong)態(tai)(tai)汞(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)去(qu)除率大幅增(zeng)(zeng)加，土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)的(de)(de)有(you)機(ji)質損失較少，說(shuo)明(ming)在(zai)低(di)溫下(xia)，延長熱(re)(re)解(jie)(jie)(jie)吸(xi)時間(jian)(jian)(jian)(jian)，對生物毒(du)性強(qiang)的(de)(de)形態(tai)(tai)汞(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)(gong)有(you)良好的(de)(de)修復(fu)效果，且此溫度(du)下(xia)處理(li)后的(de)(de)土(tu)(tu)壤(rang)更(geng)容易(yi)恢復(fu)農田耕作。

英文摘要(yao):

Mercury-contaminated soil samples from Wanshan mining area in Guizhou Province were treated with thermal desorption process to investigate the removal of mercury speciations.Removal of ∑Hg and its kinetics were discussed,and the removal efficiencies of different mercury speciations were investigated at different temperatures and times as well.The experimental results indicated that thermal desorption could effectively remove mercury from the soil.Kinetics of thermal desorption process of ∑Hg from soil can be well interpreted by the second rate equation.When treated for 10 min,with the rise of temperature,the concentration of water-soluble mercury,acid soluble-mercury and alkaline solublility mercury in soil were found to decrease at low temperature,then increase afterwards and decrease at last,but the concentrations of the other two mercury speciations decreased all the time,which indicates that transformation may happen between different mercury speciations.At 250℃,with the increase of treated time,the concentration of water-soluble mercury,acid soluble mercury,alkaline solublility mercury and nitric acid soluble mercury were reduced greatly,and the loss of organic matter in soil was less,suggesting that low temperature with long-time treatment can reduce the risk of Hg in soil,and help soil to restore farmland tillage.

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