摘要

通過(guo)以(yi)稻草(cao)秸稈的(de)亞(ya)臨(lin)界預處理中產生(sheng)的(de)殘渣(zha)作為(wei)實驗(yan)材料,以(yi)氯(lv)化(hua)鋅(xin)作為(wei)活(huo)化(hua)劑制備具有吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)性(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)的(de)活(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan),研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)了活(huo)化(hua)溫(wen)度(du),活(huo)化(hua)時(shi)間(jian),浸(jin)漬時(shi)間(jian)以(yi)及浸(jin)漬比等4個因素對生(sheng)成活(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)的(de)性(xing)(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)影(ying)響,設(she)計正(zheng)交實驗(yan)制備活(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan).以(yi)低溫(wen)液氮吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)測定活(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)的(de)比表面積和孔容(rong)、孔徑分布,以(yi)掃描(miao)電子顯微(wei)鏡(SEM)觀測活(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)表面形貌,并以(yi)亞(ya)甲(jia)基(ji)(ji)(ji)藍(lan)(lan)(MB)作為(wei)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)質,研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)了活(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)對亞(ya)甲(jia)基(ji)(ji)(ji)藍(lan)(lan)的(de)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)動力學和吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)等溫(wen)線.結果(guo)表明,活(huo)化(hua)溫(wen)度(du)900℃,活(huo)化(hua)時(shi)間(jian)60min,浸(jin)漬比1∶5,浸(jin)漬時(shi)間(jian)12h,當(dang)氯(lv)化(hua)鋅(xin)質量分數為(wei)20%時(shi),制得相應(ying)活(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)的(de)碘值(zhi)為(wei)1122.79mg·g-1,亞(ya)甲(jia)基(ji)(ji)(ji)藍(lan)(lan)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)值(zhi)為(wei)136.50mg·g-1.亞(ya)甲(jia)基(ji)(ji)(ji)藍(lan)(lan)在活(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)上的(de)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)基(ji)(ji)(ji)本符合Langmuir方程(cheng),且準二級(ji)動力學模型能(neng)(neng)很好(hao)地描(miao)述活(huo)性(xing)(xing)(xing)炭(tan)(tan)對亞(ya)甲(jia)藍(lan)(lan)的(de)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)過(guo)程(cheng);熱(re)力學研(yan)(yan)究(jiu)表明,吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)吉(ji)布斯自由能(neng)(neng)(ΔG0)<0,而(er)焓變(ΔH0)>0,說明吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)為(wei)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)熱(re)的(de)自發(fa)反應(ying)過(guo)程(cheng),升(sheng)溫(wen)有利于(yu)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu)(fu).

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