摘要:

為(wei)了(le)研(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)土(tu)(tu)(tu)霉(mei)(mei)素(su)(su)在(zai)(zai)(zai)人(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)基(ji)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)床中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)行(xing)為(wei)機(ji)制,本實驗采用批量(liang)平(ping)衡方法研(yan)究(jiu)(jiu)了(le)壤土(tu)(tu)(tu)、煤(mei)灰(hui)渣、粗(cu)砂和細砂等(deng)4種人(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)基(ji)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)材料對土(tu)(tu)(tu)霉(mei)(mei)素(su)(su)的(de)(de)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)、解吸(xi)(xi)(xi)特(te)性。結(jie)果表(biao)(biao)明(ming),土(tu)(tu)(tu)霉(mei)(mei)素(su)(su)在(zai)(zai)(zai)人(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)基(ji)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)材料上的(de)(de)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)可分為(wei)前4小時(shi)的(de)(de)快速吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)階段和之(zhi)后(hou)的(de)(de)慢速吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)階段,14h后(hou)達到吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)平(ping)衡,這一吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)平(ping)衡時(shi)間(jian)(jian)明(ming)顯低于一般(ban)人(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)系統的(de)(de)水(shui)力停(ting)留時(shi)間(jian)(jian)。可以認為(wei),土(tu)(tu)(tu)霉(mei)(mei)素(su)(su)在(zai)(zai)(zai)人(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)中(zhong)(zhong)有足夠(gou)的(de)(de)時(shi)間(jian)(jian)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)于基(ji)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)層上,其吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)量(liang)的(de)(de)大小主(zhu)要取決于基(ji)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)材料的(de)(de)性質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)。土(tu)(tu)(tu)霉(mei)(mei)素(su)(su)在(zai)(zai)(zai)4種基(ji)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)材料上的(de)(de)等(deng)溫(wen)(wen)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)實驗表(biao)(biao)明(ming),吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)等(deng)溫(wen)(wen)線(xian)(xian)(xian)均呈(cheng)非(fei)線(xian)(xian)(xian)性,用Freundlich方程能(neng)較好地(di)(di)對吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)數(shu)據進行(xing)非(fei)線(xian)(xian)(xian)性擬合。在(zai)(zai)(zai)4種人(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)基(ji)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)材料中(zhong)(zhong),煤(mei)灰(hui)渣對土(tu)(tu)(tu)霉(mei)(mei)素(su)(su)的(de)(de)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)作用最強,通過Freundlich方程擬合的(de)(de)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)容量(liang)參數(shu)(KF)為(wei)280.2;其次為(wei)壤土(tu)(tu)(tu),KF值為(wei)129.3;粗(cu)砂和細砂的(de)(de)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)作用較弱(ruo),KF值分別為(wei)53.2和64.5。人(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)基(ji)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)材料對土(tu)(tu)(tu)霉(mei)(mei)素(su)(su)的(de)(de)吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)能(neng)力主(zhu)要與(yu)基(ji)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)有機(ji)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)含量(liang)、粘粒(li)含量(liang)、Fe2O3含量(liang)、陽離子交換(huan)量(liang)和Al2O3含量(liang)呈(cheng)正相關。土(tu)(tu)(tu)霉(mei)(mei)素(su)(su)在(zai)(zai)(zai)4種人(ren)(ren)工(gong)(gong)濕(shi)(shi)地(di)(di)基(ji)質(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)材料上的(de)(de)解吸(xi)(xi)(xi)均存在(zai)(zai)(zai)滯后(hou)現(xian)象,相對于壤土(tu)(tu)(tu)和煤(mei)灰(hui)渣,吸(xi)(xi)(xi)附(fu)(fu)(fu)于粗(cu)砂和細砂上的(de)(de)土(tu)(tu)(tu)霉(mei)(mei)素(su)(su)更容易被解吸(xi)(xi)(xi)下來。

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