摘要:

以鉛鋅廢(fei)渣為研究對象,采用水(shui)泥、粉(fen)煤(mei)(mei)灰(hui)(hui)為固(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)劑(ji),生石(shi)灰(hui)(hui)為穩(wen)(wen)(wen)定(ding)(ding)劑(ji),對廢(fei)渣進(jin)行固(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)/穩(wen)(wen)(wen)定(ding)(ding)化(hua)處理(li)(li),并通過(guo)TCLP和(he)Tessier連續提取法對固(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)/穩(wen)(wen)(wen)定(ding)(ding)化(hua)效果(guo)進(jin)行分(fen)析和(he)評(ping)價.結(jie)果(guo)表明(ming),單(dan)獨(du)添(tian)加水(shui)泥或水(shui)泥、粉(fen)煤(mei)(mei)灰(hui)(hui)混合固(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)處理(li)(li)廢(fei)渣時,重(zhong)金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)鉛TCLP浸出濃(nong)度(du)顯著(zhu)減少,但達不到(dao)安全填埋(mai)要求;當穩(wen)(wen)(wen)定(ding)(ding)劑(ji)生石(shi)灰(hui)(hui)添(tian)加量為4%(廢(fei)渣),固(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)劑(ji)廢(fei)渣比(bi)為0.4:1(粉(fen)煤(mei)(mei)灰(hui)(hui)與(yu)水(shui)泥比(bi)為1:9)時,固(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)/穩(wen)(wen)(wen)定(ding)(ding)化(hua)效果(guo)最佳.此時,固(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)體中重(zhong)金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)Pb、Zn的(de)(de)(de)浸出濃(nong)度(du)分(fen)別為0.16mg·L-1、0.243mg·L-1,符合安全填埋(mai)要求.經(jing)過(guo)固(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)/穩(wen)(wen)(wen)定(ding)(ding)化(hua)處理(li)(li)后(hou),降低了廢(fei)渣中的(de)(de)(de)重(zhong)金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)Pb、Zn交換態比(bi)例(li),有(you)效地限制了重(zhong)金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)的(de)(de)(de)遷移.XRD和(he)SEM分(fen)析表明(ming),廢(fei)渣固(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)/穩(wen)(wen)(wen)定(ding)(ding)化(hua)后(hou)形(xing)成(cheng)的(de)(de)(de)Ca(OH)2、水(shui)化(hua)硅酸鈣凝膠(C—S—H)及鈣礬石(shi)等物質將重(zhong)金(jin)(jin)屬(shu)(shu)離子包容起來,形(xing)成(cheng)穩(wen)(wen)(wen)定(ding)(ding)的(de)(de)(de)固(gu)(gu)(gu)化(hua)體.

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